TA的首页转发：乔布斯在斯坦福大学的演讲 中英文
"Thank you. I""m honored to be with you today foryour commencement one of the finest universities in the world. Truth betold， I never graduated college and this is the closest I""ve ever gottento a college graduation.
Today I want to tell you three stories my life.That""s it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connectingthe dots.
I dropped out of Reed College after the first sixmonths but then stayed around as a drop-in for another eighteen months or sobefore I really quit. So why did I drop out？ It started before I was born. Mybiological mother was a young， unwed graduate student， and she decided to putme up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by collegegraduates， so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyerand his wife， except that when I popped out， they decided at the last minutethat they really wanted a girl. So my parents， who were on a waiting list， gota call in the middle of the night asking， "We""ve got an unexpected babyboy. Do you want him？" They said， "Of course." My biologicalmother found out later that my mother had never graduated college and thatmy father had never graduated high school. She refused to sign the finaladoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promisedthat I would go to college.
This was the start in my life. And seventeen yearslater， I did go to college， but I na&＃239;vely chose a college that was almost asexpensive as Stanford， and all of my working-class parents"" savings were beingspent on my college tuition. After six months， I couldn""t see the value in it.I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life， and no idea of how college wasgoing to help me figure it out， and here I was， spending all the money myparents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that itwould all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time， but looking back， itwas one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out， I couldstop taking the required classes that didn""t interest me and begin dropping inon the ones that looked far more interesting.
It wasn""t all romantic. I didn""t have a dorm room， soI slept on the floor in friends"" rooms. I returned Coke bottles for thefive-cent deposits to buy food with， and I would walk the seven miles acrosstown every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple.I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity andintuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you oneexample.
Reed College at that time offered perhaps the bestcalligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster，every label on every drawer was beautifully hand-calligraphed. Because I haddropped out and didn""t have to take the normal classes， I decided to take acalligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and sans-seriftypefaces， about varying the amount of space between different lettercombinations， about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful，historical， artistically subtle in a way that science can""t capture， and Ifound it fascinating.
None of this had even a hope of any practicalapplication in my life. But ten years later when we were designing the firstMacintosh computer， it all came back to me， and we designed it all into theMac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had neverdropped in on that single course in college， the Mac would have never hadmultiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts， and since Windows justcopied the Mac， it""s likely that no personal computer would havethem.
If I had never dropped out， I would have never droppedin on that calligraphy class and personals computers might not have thewonderful typography that they do.
Of course it was impossible to connect the dotslooking forward when I was in college， but it was very， very clear lookingbackwards 10 years later. Again， you can""t connect the dots looking forward.You can only connect them looking backwards， so you have to trust that the dotswill somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something--your gut，destiny， life， karma， whatever--because believing that the dots will connectdown the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart， even when itleads you off the well-worn path， and that will make all the difference.
My second story is about love and loss. I was lucky. Ifound what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents""garage when I was twenty. We worked hard and in ten years， Apple had grown just the two of us in a garage into a ￥2 billion company with over 4，000employees. We""d just released our finest creation， the Macintosh， a yearearlier， and I""d just turned thirty， and then I got fired. How can you getfired a company you started？ Well， as Apple grew， we hired someone who Ithought was very talented to run the company with me， and for the first year orso， things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge， andeventually we had a falling out. When we did， our board of directors sided withhim， and so at thirty， I was out， and very publicly out. What had been thefocus of my entire adult life was gone， and it was devastating. I really didn""tknow what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generationof entrepreneurs down， that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed tome. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwingup so badly. I was a very public failure and I even thought about running awaythe Valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me. I still loved what Idid. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I""d beenrejected but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.
I didn""t see it then， but it turned out that gettingfired Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. Theheaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginneragain， less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the mostcreative periods in my life. During the next five years I started a companynamed NeXT， another company named Pixar and fell in love with an amazing womanwho would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the world""s firstcomputer-animated feature film， "Toy Story，" and is now the mostsuccessful animation studio in the world.
In a remarkable turn of events， Apple bought NeXT andI returned to Apple and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart ofApple""s current renaissance， and Lorene and I have a wonderful familytogether.
I""m pretty sure none of this would have happened if Ihadn""t been fired Apple. It was awful-tasting medicine but I guess thepatient needed it. Sometimes life""s going to hit you in the head with a brick.Don""t lose faith. I""m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was thatI loved what I did. You""ve got to find what you love， and that is as true forwork as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of yourlife， and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is greatwork， and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven""tfound it yet， keep looking， and don""t settle. As with all matters of the heart，you""ll know when you find it， and like any great relationship it just getsbetter and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Don""t settle.
My third story is about death. When I was 17 I read aquote that went something like "If you live each day as if it was yourlast， someday you""ll most certainly be right." It made an impression onme， and since then， for the past 33 years， I have looked in the mirror everymorning and asked myself， "If today were the last day of my life， would Iwant to do what I am about to do today？" And whenever the answer has been"no" for too many days in a row， I know I need to change something.Remembering that I""ll be dead soon is the most important thing I""ve everencountered to help me make the big choices in life， because almosteverything--all external expectations， all pride， all fear of embarrassment orfailure--these things just fall away in the face of death， leaving only what istruly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I knowto avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are alreadynaked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.
About a year ago， I was diagnosed with cancer. I had ascan at 7:30 in the morning and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. Ididn""t even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almostcertainly a type of cancer that is incurable， and that I should expect to liveno longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get myaffairs in order， which is doctors"" code for "prepare to die." Itmeans to try and tell your kids everything you thought you""d have the next tenyears to tell them， in just a few months. It means to make sure that everythingis buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It meansto say your goodbyes.
I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsywhere they stuck an endoscope down my throat， through my stomach into myintestines， put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells the tumor. Iwas sedated but my wife， who was there， told me that when they viewed the cellsunder a microscope， the doctor started crying， because it turned out to be avery rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had thesurgery and， thankfully， I am fine now.
This was the closest I""ve been to facing death， and Ihope it""s the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it， Ican now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a usefulbut purely intellectual concept. No one wants to die， even people who want togo to Heaven don""t want to die to get there， and yet， death is the destinationwe all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be， becausedeath is very likely the single best invention of life. It""s life""s changeagent; it clears out the old to make way for the new. right now， the new isyou. But someday， not too long now， you will gradually become the old andbe cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic， but it""s quite true. Your time islimited， so don""t waste it living someone else""s life. Don""t be trapped bydogma， which is living with the results of other people""s thinking. Don""t letthe noise of others"" opinions drown out your own inner voice， heart andintuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everythingelse is secondary.
When I was young， there was an amazing publicationcalled The Whole Earth Catalogue， which was one of the bibles of my generation.It was created by a fellow named Stuart Brand not far here in Menlo Park，and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late Sixties，before personal computers and desktop publishing， so it was all made withtypewriters， scissors， and Polaroid cameras. it was sort of like Google inpaperback form thirty-five years before Google came along. I was idealistic，overflowing with neat tools and great notions. Stuart and his team put outseveral issues of the The Whole Earth Catalogue， and then when it had run itscourse， they put out a final issue. It was the mid-Seventies and I was yourage. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an earlymorning country road， the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if youwere so adventurous. Beneath were the words， "Stay hungry， stayfoolish." It was their farewell message as they signed off. "Stayhungry， stay foolish." And I have always wished that for myself， and now，as you graduate to begin anew， I wish that for you. Stay hungry， stayfoolish.
Thank you all， very much.史蒂夫 乔布斯(Steve Jobs)在斯坦福大学2005年毕业典礼上的演讲 我今天很荣幸能和你们一起参加毕业典礼，斯坦福大学是世界上最好的大学之一。我从来没有从大学中毕业。说实话,今天也许是在我的生命中离大学毕业最近的一天了。今天我想向你们讲述我生活中的三个故事。不是什么大不了的事情,只是三个故事而已。 第一个故事是关于如何把生命中的点点滴滴串连起来。 我在Reed大学读了六个月之后就退学了,但是在十八个月以后——我真正的作出退学决定之前,我还经常去学校。我为什么要退学呢？ 故事从我出生的时候讲起。我的亲生母亲是一个年轻的,没有结婚的大学毕业生。她决定让别人收养我, 她十分想让我被大学毕业生收养。所以在我出生的时候，她已经做好了一切的准备工作，能使得我被一个律师和他的妻子所收养。但是她没有料到,当我出生之后, 律师夫妇突然决定他们想要一个女孩。所以我的生养父母（他们在待选名单上）突然在半夜接到了一个电话:“我们现在这儿有一个不小心生出来的男婴,你们想要他吗？”他们回答道: “当然！”但是我亲生母亲随后发现，我的养母从来没有上过大学,我的养父 甚至从没有读过高中。她拒绝签这个收养合同。只是在几个月以后,我的父母答应她一定要让我上大学,那个时候她才软化同意。 在十七岁那年,我真的上了大学。但是我很愚蠢的选择了一个几乎和你们斯坦福大学一样贵的学校, 我父母还处于蓝领阶层，他们几乎把所有积蓄都花在了我的学费上面。在六个月后, 我已经看不到其中的价值所在。我不知道我真正想要做什么,我也不知道大学能怎样帮助我找到答案。但是在这里，我几乎花光了我父母这一辈子的 全部积蓄。所以我决定要退学,我觉得这是个正确的决定。不能否认,我当时确实非常的害怕, 但是现在回头看看,那的确是我这一生中最棒的一个决定。在我做出退学决定的那一刻, 我终于可以不必去读那些令我提不起丝毫兴趣的课程了。然后我可以开始去修那些看起来有点意思的课程。 但是这并不是那么罗曼蒂克。我失去了我的宿舍,所以我只能在朋友房间的地板上面睡觉,我去捡可以换5美分的可乐罐，仅仅为了填饱肚子, 在星期天的晚上,我需要走七英里的路程，穿过这个城市到Hare Krishna神庙（注：位于纽约Brooklyn下城）,只是为了能吃上好饭——这个星期唯一一顿好一点的饭，我喜欢那里的饭菜。 我跟着我的直觉和好奇心走, 遇到的很多东西,此后被证明是无价之宝。让我给你们举一个例子吧： Reed大学在那时提供也许是全美最好的美术字课程。在这个大学里面的每个海报, 每个抽屉的标签上面全都是漂亮的美术字。因为我退学了, 不必去上正规的课程, 所以我决定去参加这个课程，去学学怎样写出漂亮的美术字。我学到了san serif 和serif字体, 我学会了怎么样在不同的字母组合之中改变空白间距, 还有怎么样才能作出最棒的印刷式样。那种美好、历史感和艺术精妙，是科学永远不能捕捉到的, 我发现那实在是太迷人了。 当时看起来这些东西在我的生命中，好像都没有什么实际应用的可能。但是十年之后,当我们在设计第一台Macintosh电脑的时候,就不是那样了。我把当时我学的那些 东西全都设计进了Mac。那是第一台使用了漂亮的印刷字体的电脑。如果我当时没有退学, 就不会有机会去参加这个我感兴趣的美术字课程, Mac就不会有这么多丰富的字体，以及赏心悦目的字体间距。因为Windows只是抄袭了Mac，所以现在个人电脑就不会有现在这么美妙的字型了。 当然我在大学的时候，还不可能把从前的点点滴滴串连起来,但是当我十年后回顾这一切的时候,真的豁然开朗了。 再次说明的是,你在向前展望的时候不可能将这些片断串连起来；你只能在回顾的时候将点点滴滴串连起来。所以你必须相信这些片断会在你未来的某一天串连起来。你必须要相信某些东西：你的勇气、目的、生命、因缘......这个过程从来没有令我失望,只是让我的生命更加地与众不同。 我的第二个故事是关于爱和失去。 我非常幸运, 因为我在很早的时候就找到了我钟爱的东西。Woz和我在二十岁的时候就在父母的车库里面开创了苹果公司。我们工作得很努力, 十年之后, 这个公司从那两个车库中的穷小子发展到了超过四千名的雇员、价值超过二十亿的大公司。在公司成立的第九年,我们刚刚发布了最好的产品,那就是Macintosh。我也快要到三十岁了。在那一年, 我被炒了鱿鱼。你怎么可能被你自己创立的公司炒了鱿鱼呢? 嗯,在苹果快速成长的时候，我们雇用了一个很有天分的家伙和我一起管理这个公司, 在最初的几年,公司运转的很好。但是后来我们对未来的看法发生了分歧, 最终我们吵了起来。当争吵不可开交的时候, 董事会站在了他的那一边。所以在三十岁的时候, 我被炒了。在这么多人目光下我被炒了。在而立之年，我生命的全部支柱离自己远去, 这真是毁灭性的打击。 在最初的几个月里，我真是不知道该做些什么。我觉得我很令上一代的创业家们很失望，我把他们交给我的接力棒弄丢了。我和创办惠普的David Pack、创办Intel的Bob Noyce见面，并试图向他们道歉。我把事情弄得糟糕透顶了。但是我渐渐发现了曙光, 我仍然喜爱我从事的这些东西。苹果公司发生的这些事情丝毫的没有改变这些, 一点也没有。我被驱逐了,但是我仍然钟爱我所做的事情。所以我决定从头再来。 我当时没有觉察, 但是事后证明, 从苹果公司被炒是我这辈子发生的最棒的事情。因为，作为一个成功者的负重感被作为一个创业者的轻松感觉所重新代替, 没有比这更确定的事情了。这让我觉得如此自由, 进入了我生命中最有创造力的一个阶段。 在接下来的五年里, 我创立了一个名叫NeXT的公司, 还有一个叫Pixar的公司, 然后和一个后来成为我妻子的优雅女人相识。Pixar 制作了世界上第一个用电脑制作的动画电影——“玩具总动员”,Pixar现在也是世界上最成功的电脑制作工作室。在后来的一系列运转中,Apple收购了NeXT, 然后我又回到了Apple公司。我们在NeXT发展的技术在Apple的今天的复兴之中发挥了关键的作用。而且，我还和Laurence 一起建立了一个幸福完美的家庭。 我可以非常肯定,如果我不被Apple开除的话, 这其中一件事情也不会发生的。这个良药的味道实在是太苦了,但是我想病人需要这个药。有些时候, 生活会拿起一块砖头向你的脑袋上猛拍一下。不要失去信仰。我很清楚唯一使我一直走下去的，就是我做的事情令我无比钟爱。你需要去找到你所爱的东西。对于工作是如此, 对于你的爱人也是如此。你的工作将会占据生活中很大的一部分。你只有相信自己所做的是伟大的工作, 你才能怡然自得。如果你现在还没有找到, 那么继续找、不要停下来，只要全心全意的去找, 在你找到的时候，你的心会告诉你的。就像任何真诚的关系, 随着岁月的流逝只会越来越紧密。所以继续找，直到你找到它，不要停下来！ 我的第三个故事是关于死亡的。 当我十七岁的时候, 我读到了一句话:“如果你把每一天都当作生命中最后一天去生活的话,那么有一天你会发现你是正确的。”这句话给我留下了一个印象。从那时开始,过了33 年,我在每天早晨都会对着镜子问自己:“如果今天是我生命中的最后一天, 你会不会完成你今天想做的事情呢？”当答案连续多天是“No”的时候, 我知道自己需要改变某些事情了。 “记住你即将死去”是我一生中遇到的最重要箴言。它帮我指明了生命中重要的选择。因为几乎所有的事情, 包括所有的荣誉、所有的骄傲、所有对难堪和失败的恐惧,这些在死亡面前都会消失。我看到的是留下的真正重要的东西。你有时候会思考你将会失去某些东西, “记住你即将死去”是我知道的避免这些想法的最好办法。你已经赤身裸体了, 你没有理由不去跟随自己内心的声音。 大概一年以前, 我被诊断出癌症。我在早晨七点半做了一个检查, 检查清楚的显示在我的胰腺有一个肿瘤。我当时都不知道胰腺是什么东西。医生告诉我那很可能是一种无法治愈的癌症, 我还有三到六个月的时间活在这个世界上。我的医生叫我回家, 然后整理好我的一切, 那是医生对临终病人的标准程序。那意味着你将要把未来十年对你小孩说的话在几个月里面说完.；那意味着把每件事情都安排好, 让你的家人会尽可能轻松的生活；那意味着你要说“再见了”。 我拿着那个诊断书过了一整天，那天晚上我作了一个活切片检查，医生将一个内窥镜从我的喉咙伸进去,通过我的胃, 然后进入我的肠子, 用一根针在我的胰腺上的肿瘤上取了几个细胞。我当时是被麻醉的，但是我的妻子在那里, 后来告诉我，当医生在显微镜下观察这些细胞的时候他们开始尖叫, 因为这些细胞最后竟然是一种非常罕见的可以用手术治愈的胰腺癌症细胞。我做了这个手术, 现在我痊愈了。 那是我最接近死亡的时候, 我希望这也是以后的几十年最接近的一次。从死亡线上又活了过来, 我可以比以前把死亡只当成一 种想象中的概念的时候，更肯定一点地对你们说： 没有人愿意死, 即使人们想上天堂, 也不会为了去那里而死。但是死亡是我们每个人共同的终点。从来没有人能够逃脱它。也应该如此。因为死亡就是生命中最好的一个发明。它将旧的清除以便给新的让路。你们现在是新的, 但是从现在开始不久以后, 你们将会逐渐的变成旧的然后被送离人生舞台。我很抱歉这很戏剧性, 但是这十分的真实。 你们的时间很有限, 所以不要将他们浪费在重复其他人的生活上。不要被教条束缚,那意味着你和其他人思考的结果一起生活。不要被其他人喧嚣的观点掩盖你真正的内心的声音。还有最重要的是, 你要有勇气去听从你直觉和心灵的指示——它们在某种程度上知道你想要成为什么样子，所有其他的事情都是次要的。 当我年轻的时候, 有一本叫做“整个地球的目录”振聋发聩的杂志，它是我们那一代人的圣经之一。它是一个叫Stewart Brand的家伙在离这里不远的Menlo Park编辑的, 他象诗一般神奇地将这本书带到了这个世界。那是六十年代后期, 在个人电脑出现之前, 所以这本书全部是用打字机,、剪刀还有偏光镜制造的。有点像用软皮包装的google, 在google出现三十五年之前：这是理想主义的，其中有许多灵巧的工具和伟大的想法。 Stewart和他的伙伴出版了几期的“整个地球的目录”,当它完成了自己使命的时候, 他们做出了最后一期的目录。那是在七十年代的中期, 我正是你们的年纪。在最后一期的封底上是清晨乡村公路的照片（如果你有冒险精神的话，你可以自己找到这条路的），在照片之下有这样一段话：“求知若饥，虚心若愚。”这是他们停止了发刊的告别语。“求知若饥，虚心若愚。”我总是希望自己能够那样,现在, 在你们即将毕业，开始新的旅程的时候, 我也希望你们能这样： 求知若饥，虚心若愚。 非常感谢你们！
Today I want to tell you three stories my life.That""s it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connectingthe dots.
I dropped out of Reed College after the first sixmonths but then stayed around as a drop-in for another eighteen months or sobefore I really quit. So why did I drop out？ It started before I was born. Mybiological mother was a young， unwed graduate student， and she decided to putme up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by collegegraduates， so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyerand his wife， except that when I popped out， they decided at the last minutethat they really wanted a girl. So my parents， who were on a waiting list， gota call in the middle of the night asking， "We""ve got an unexpected babyboy. Do you want him？" They said， "Of course." My biologicalmother found out later that my mother had never graduated college and thatmy father had never graduated high school. She refused to sign the finaladoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promisedthat I would go to college.
This was the start in my life. And seventeen yearslater， I did go to college， but I na&＃239;vely chose a college that was almost asexpensive as Stanford， and all of my working-class parents"" savings were beingspent on my college tuition. After six months， I couldn""t see the value in it.I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life， and no idea of how college wasgoing to help me figure it out， and here I was， spending all the money myparents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that itwould all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time， but looking back， itwas one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out， I couldstop taking the required classes that didn""t interest me and begin dropping inon the ones that looked far more interesting.
It wasn""t all romantic. I didn""t have a dorm room， soI slept on the floor in friends"" rooms. I returned Coke bottles for thefive-cent deposits to buy food with， and I would walk the seven miles acrosstown every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple.I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity andintuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you oneexample.
Reed College at that time offered perhaps the bestcalligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster，every label on every drawer was beautifully hand-calligraphed. Because I haddropped out and didn""t have to take the normal classes， I decided to take acalligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and sans-seriftypefaces， about varying the amount of space between different lettercombinations， about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful，historical， artistically subtle in a way that science can""t capture， and Ifound it fascinating.
None of this had even a hope of any practicalapplication in my life. But ten years later when we were designing the firstMacintosh computer， it all came back to me， and we designed it all into theMac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had neverdropped in on that single course in college， the Mac would have never hadmultiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts， and since Windows justcopied the Mac， it""s likely that no personal computer would havethem.
If I had never dropped out， I would have never droppedin on that calligraphy class and personals computers might not have thewonderful typography that they do.
Of course it was impossible to connect the dotslooking forward when I was in college， but it was very， very clear lookingbackwards 10 years later. Again， you can""t connect the dots looking forward.You can only connect them looking backwards， so you have to trust that the dotswill somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something--your gut，destiny， life， karma， whatever--because believing that the dots will connectdown the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart， even when itleads you off the well-worn path， and that will make all the difference.
My second story is about love and loss. I was lucky. Ifound what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents""garage when I was twenty. We worked hard and in ten years， Apple had grown just the two of us in a garage into a ￥2 billion company with over 4，000employees. We""d just released our finest creation， the Macintosh， a yearearlier， and I""d just turned thirty， and then I got fired. How can you getfired a company you started？ Well， as Apple grew， we hired someone who Ithought was very talented to run the company with me， and for the first year orso， things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge， andeventually we had a falling out. When we did， our board of directors sided withhim， and so at thirty， I was out， and very publicly out. What had been thefocus of my entire adult life was gone， and it was devastating. I really didn""tknow what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generationof entrepreneurs down， that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed tome. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwingup so badly. I was a very public failure and I even thought about running awaythe Valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me. I still loved what Idid. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I""d beenrejected but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.
I didn""t see it then， but it turned out that gettingfired Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. Theheaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginneragain， less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the mostcreative periods in my life. During the next five years I started a companynamed NeXT， another company named Pixar and fell in love with an amazing womanwho would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the world""s firstcomputer-animated feature film， "Toy Story，" and is now the mostsuccessful animation studio in the world.
In a remarkable turn of events， Apple bought NeXT andI returned to Apple and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart ofApple""s current renaissance， and Lorene and I have a wonderful familytogether.
I""m pretty sure none of this would have happened if Ihadn""t been fired Apple. It was awful-tasting medicine but I guess thepatient needed it. Sometimes life""s going to hit you in the head with a brick.Don""t lose faith. I""m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was thatI loved what I did. You""ve got to find what you love， and that is as true forwork as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of yourlife， and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is greatwork， and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven""tfound it yet， keep looking， and don""t settle. As with all matters of the heart，you""ll know when you find it， and like any great relationship it just getsbetter and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Don""t settle.
My third story is about death. When I was 17 I read aquote that went something like "If you live each day as if it was yourlast， someday you""ll most certainly be right." It made an impression onme， and since then， for the past 33 years， I have looked in the mirror everymorning and asked myself， "If today were the last day of my life， would Iwant to do what I am about to do today？" And whenever the answer has been"no" for too many days in a row， I know I need to change something.Remembering that I""ll be dead soon is the most important thing I""ve everencountered to help me make the big choices in life， because almosteverything--all external expectations， all pride， all fear of embarrassment orfailure--these things just fall away in the face of death， leaving only what istruly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I knowto avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are alreadynaked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.
About a year ago， I was diagnosed with cancer. I had ascan at 7:30 in the morning and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. Ididn""t even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almostcertainly a type of cancer that is incurable， and that I should expect to liveno longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get myaffairs in order， which is doctors"" code for "prepare to die." Itmeans to try and tell your kids everything you thought you""d have the next tenyears to tell them， in just a few months. It means to make sure that everythingis buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It meansto say your goodbyes.
I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsywhere they stuck an endoscope down my throat， through my stomach into myintestines， put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells the tumor. Iwas sedated but my wife， who was there， told me that when they viewed the cellsunder a microscope， the doctor started crying， because it turned out to be avery rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had thesurgery and， thankfully， I am fine now.
This was the closest I""ve been to facing death， and Ihope it""s the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it， Ican now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a usefulbut purely intellectual concept. No one wants to die， even people who want togo to Heaven don""t want to die to get there， and yet， death is the destinationwe all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be， becausedeath is very likely the single best invention of life. It""s life""s changeagent; it clears out the old to make way for the new. right now， the new isyou. But someday， not too long now， you will gradually become the old andbe cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic， but it""s quite true. Your time islimited， so don""t waste it living someone else""s life. Don""t be trapped bydogma， which is living with the results of other people""s thinking. Don""t letthe noise of others"" opinions drown out your own inner voice， heart andintuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everythingelse is secondary.
When I was young， there was an amazing publicationcalled The Whole Earth Catalogue， which was one of the bibles of my generation.It was created by a fellow named Stuart Brand not far here in Menlo Park，and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late Sixties，before personal computers and desktop publishing， so it was all made withtypewriters， scissors， and Polaroid cameras. it was sort of like Google inpaperback form thirty-five years before Google came along. I was idealistic，overflowing with neat tools and great notions. Stuart and his team put outseveral issues of the The Whole Earth Catalogue， and then when it had run itscourse， they put out a final issue. It was the mid-Seventies and I was yourage. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an earlymorning country road， the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if youwere so adventurous. Beneath were the words， "Stay hungry， stayfoolish." It was their farewell message as they signed off. "Stayhungry， stay foolish." And I have always wished that for myself， and now，as you graduate to begin anew， I wish that for you. Stay hungry， stayfoolish.
Thank you all， very much.史蒂夫 乔布斯(Steve Jobs)在斯坦福大学2005年毕业典礼上的演讲 我今天很荣幸能和你们一起参加毕业典礼，斯坦福大学是世界上最好的大学之一。我从来没有从大学中毕业。说实话,今天也许是在我的生命中离大学毕业最近的一天了。今天我想向你们讲述我生活中的三个故事。不是什么大不了的事情,只是三个故事而已。 第一个故事是关于如何把生命中的点点滴滴串连起来。 我在Reed大学读了六个月之后就退学了,但是在十八个月以后——我真正的作出退学决定之前,我还经常去学校。我为什么要退学呢？ 故事从我出生的时候讲起。我的亲生母亲是一个年轻的,没有结婚的大学毕业生。她决定让别人收养我, 她十分想让我被大学毕业生收养。所以在我出生的时候，她已经做好了一切的准备工作，能使得我被一个律师和他的妻子所收养。但是她没有料到,当我出生之后, 律师夫妇突然决定他们想要一个女孩。所以我的生养父母（他们在待选名单上）突然在半夜接到了一个电话:“我们现在这儿有一个不小心生出来的男婴,你们想要他吗？”他们回答道: “当然！”但是我亲生母亲随后发现，我的养母从来没有上过大学,我的养父 甚至从没有读过高中。她拒绝签这个收养合同。只是在几个月以后,我的父母答应她一定要让我上大学,那个时候她才软化同意。 在十七岁那年,我真的上了大学。但是我很愚蠢的选择了一个几乎和你们斯坦福大学一样贵的学校, 我父母还处于蓝领阶层，他们几乎把所有积蓄都花在了我的学费上面。在六个月后, 我已经看不到其中的价值所在。我不知道我真正想要做什么,我也不知道大学能怎样帮助我找到答案。但是在这里，我几乎花光了我父母这一辈子的 全部积蓄。所以我决定要退学,我觉得这是个正确的决定。不能否认,我当时确实非常的害怕, 但是现在回头看看,那的确是我这一生中最棒的一个决定。在我做出退学决定的那一刻, 我终于可以不必去读那些令我提不起丝毫兴趣的课程了。然后我可以开始去修那些看起来有点意思的课程。 但是这并不是那么罗曼蒂克。我失去了我的宿舍,所以我只能在朋友房间的地板上面睡觉,我去捡可以换5美分的可乐罐，仅仅为了填饱肚子, 在星期天的晚上,我需要走七英里的路程，穿过这个城市到Hare Krishna神庙（注：位于纽约Brooklyn下城）,只是为了能吃上好饭——这个星期唯一一顿好一点的饭，我喜欢那里的饭菜。 我跟着我的直觉和好奇心走, 遇到的很多东西,此后被证明是无价之宝。让我给你们举一个例子吧： Reed大学在那时提供也许是全美最好的美术字课程。在这个大学里面的每个海报, 每个抽屉的标签上面全都是漂亮的美术字。因为我退学了, 不必去上正规的课程, 所以我决定去参加这个课程，去学学怎样写出漂亮的美术字。我学到了san serif 和serif字体, 我学会了怎么样在不同的字母组合之中改变空白间距, 还有怎么样才能作出最棒的印刷式样。那种美好、历史感和艺术精妙，是科学永远不能捕捉到的, 我发现那实在是太迷人了。 当时看起来这些东西在我的生命中，好像都没有什么实际应用的可能。但是十年之后,当我们在设计第一台Macintosh电脑的时候,就不是那样了。我把当时我学的那些 东西全都设计进了Mac。那是第一台使用了漂亮的印刷字体的电脑。如果我当时没有退学, 就不会有机会去参加这个我感兴趣的美术字课程, Mac就不会有这么多丰富的字体，以及赏心悦目的字体间距。因为Windows只是抄袭了Mac，所以现在个人电脑就不会有现在这么美妙的字型了。 当然我在大学的时候，还不可能把从前的点点滴滴串连起来,但是当我十年后回顾这一切的时候,真的豁然开朗了。 再次说明的是,你在向前展望的时候不可能将这些片断串连起来；你只能在回顾的时候将点点滴滴串连起来。所以你必须相信这些片断会在你未来的某一天串连起来。你必须要相信某些东西：你的勇气、目的、生命、因缘......这个过程从来没有令我失望,只是让我的生命更加地与众不同。 我的第二个故事是关于爱和失去。 我非常幸运, 因为我在很早的时候就找到了我钟爱的东西。Woz和我在二十岁的时候就在父母的车库里面开创了苹果公司。我们工作得很努力, 十年之后, 这个公司从那两个车库中的穷小子发展到了超过四千名的雇员、价值超过二十亿的大公司。在公司成立的第九年,我们刚刚发布了最好的产品,那就是Macintosh。我也快要到三十岁了。在那一年, 我被炒了鱿鱼。你怎么可能被你自己创立的公司炒了鱿鱼呢? 嗯,在苹果快速成长的时候，我们雇用了一个很有天分的家伙和我一起管理这个公司, 在最初的几年,公司运转的很好。但是后来我们对未来的看法发生了分歧, 最终我们吵了起来。当争吵不可开交的时候, 董事会站在了他的那一边。所以在三十岁的时候, 我被炒了。在这么多人目光下我被炒了。在而立之年，我生命的全部支柱离自己远去, 这真是毁灭性的打击。 在最初的几个月里，我真是不知道该做些什么。我觉得我很令上一代的创业家们很失望，我把他们交给我的接力棒弄丢了。我和创办惠普的David Pack、创办Intel的Bob Noyce见面，并试图向他们道歉。我把事情弄得糟糕透顶了。但是我渐渐发现了曙光, 我仍然喜爱我从事的这些东西。苹果公司发生的这些事情丝毫的没有改变这些, 一点也没有。我被驱逐了,但是我仍然钟爱我所做的事情。所以我决定从头再来。 我当时没有觉察, 但是事后证明, 从苹果公司被炒是我这辈子发生的最棒的事情。因为，作为一个成功者的负重感被作为一个创业者的轻松感觉所重新代替, 没有比这更确定的事情了。这让我觉得如此自由, 进入了我生命中最有创造力的一个阶段。 在接下来的五年里, 我创立了一个名叫NeXT的公司, 还有一个叫Pixar的公司, 然后和一个后来成为我妻子的优雅女人相识。Pixar 制作了世界上第一个用电脑制作的动画电影——“玩具总动员”,Pixar现在也是世界上最成功的电脑制作工作室。在后来的一系列运转中,Apple收购了NeXT, 然后我又回到了Apple公司。我们在NeXT发展的技术在Apple的今天的复兴之中发挥了关键的作用。而且，我还和Laurence 一起建立了一个幸福完美的家庭。 我可以非常肯定,如果我不被Apple开除的话, 这其中一件事情也不会发生的。这个良药的味道实在是太苦了,但是我想病人需要这个药。有些时候, 生活会拿起一块砖头向你的脑袋上猛拍一下。不要失去信仰。我很清楚唯一使我一直走下去的，就是我做的事情令我无比钟爱。你需要去找到你所爱的东西。对于工作是如此, 对于你的爱人也是如此。你的工作将会占据生活中很大的一部分。你只有相信自己所做的是伟大的工作, 你才能怡然自得。如果你现在还没有找到, 那么继续找、不要停下来，只要全心全意的去找, 在你找到的时候，你的心会告诉你的。就像任何真诚的关系, 随着岁月的流逝只会越来越紧密。所以继续找，直到你找到它，不要停下来！ 我的第三个故事是关于死亡的。 当我十七岁的时候, 我读到了一句话:“如果你把每一天都当作生命中最后一天去生活的话,那么有一天你会发现你是正确的。”这句话给我留下了一个印象。从那时开始,过了33 年,我在每天早晨都会对着镜子问自己:“如果今天是我生命中的最后一天, 你会不会完成你今天想做的事情呢？”当答案连续多天是“No”的时候, 我知道自己需要改变某些事情了。 “记住你即将死去”是我一生中遇到的最重要箴言。它帮我指明了生命中重要的选择。因为几乎所有的事情, 包括所有的荣誉、所有的骄傲、所有对难堪和失败的恐惧,这些在死亡面前都会消失。我看到的是留下的真正重要的东西。你有时候会思考你将会失去某些东西, “记住你即将死去”是我知道的避免这些想法的最好办法。你已经赤身裸体了, 你没有理由不去跟随自己内心的声音。 大概一年以前, 我被诊断出癌症。我在早晨七点半做了一个检查, 检查清楚的显示在我的胰腺有一个肿瘤。我当时都不知道胰腺是什么东西。医生告诉我那很可能是一种无法治愈的癌症, 我还有三到六个月的时间活在这个世界上。我的医生叫我回家, 然后整理好我的一切, 那是医生对临终病人的标准程序。那意味着你将要把未来十年对你小孩说的话在几个月里面说完.；那意味着把每件事情都安排好, 让你的家人会尽可能轻松的生活；那意味着你要说“再见了”。 我拿着那个诊断书过了一整天，那天晚上我作了一个活切片检查，医生将一个内窥镜从我的喉咙伸进去,通过我的胃, 然后进入我的肠子, 用一根针在我的胰腺上的肿瘤上取了几个细胞。我当时是被麻醉的，但是我的妻子在那里, 后来告诉我，当医生在显微镜下观察这些细胞的时候他们开始尖叫, 因为这些细胞最后竟然是一种非常罕见的可以用手术治愈的胰腺癌症细胞。我做了这个手术, 现在我痊愈了。 那是我最接近死亡的时候, 我希望这也是以后的几十年最接近的一次。从死亡线上又活了过来, 我可以比以前把死亡只当成一 种想象中的概念的时候，更肯定一点地对你们说： 没有人愿意死, 即使人们想上天堂, 也不会为了去那里而死。但是死亡是我们每个人共同的终点。从来没有人能够逃脱它。也应该如此。因为死亡就是生命中最好的一个发明。它将旧的清除以便给新的让路。你们现在是新的, 但是从现在开始不久以后, 你们将会逐渐的变成旧的然后被送离人生舞台。我很抱歉这很戏剧性, 但是这十分的真实。 你们的时间很有限, 所以不要将他们浪费在重复其他人的生活上。不要被教条束缚,那意味着你和其他人思考的结果一起生活。不要被其他人喧嚣的观点掩盖你真正的内心的声音。还有最重要的是, 你要有勇气去听从你直觉和心灵的指示——它们在某种程度上知道你想要成为什么样子，所有其他的事情都是次要的。 当我年轻的时候, 有一本叫做“整个地球的目录”振聋发聩的杂志，它是我们那一代人的圣经之一。它是一个叫Stewart Brand的家伙在离这里不远的Menlo Park编辑的, 他象诗一般神奇地将这本书带到了这个世界。那是六十年代后期, 在个人电脑出现之前, 所以这本书全部是用打字机,、剪刀还有偏光镜制造的。有点像用软皮包装的google, 在google出现三十五年之前：这是理想主义的，其中有许多灵巧的工具和伟大的想法。 Stewart和他的伙伴出版了几期的“整个地球的目录”,当它完成了自己使命的时候, 他们做出了最后一期的目录。那是在七十年代的中期, 我正是你们的年纪。在最后一期的封底上是清晨乡村公路的照片（如果你有冒险精神的话，你可以自己找到这条路的），在照片之下有这样一段话：“求知若饥，虚心若愚。”这是他们停止了发刊的告别语。“求知若饥，虚心若愚。”我总是希望自己能够那样,现在, 在你们即将毕业，开始新的旅程的时候, 我也希望你们能这样： 求知若饥，虚心若愚。 非常感谢你们！
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