温家宝总理记者招待会答问全文（2005年3月14日）

温家宝：各位记者，女士们、先生们，大家好。据我知道，参加两会采访的中外记者有2000多名。因为今天会场的限制，到会采访的只有700多名。借此机会，我对记者们对中国改革、建设的关心和客观公正的报道，表示衷心的感谢。我还要说一下，其实关心两会的是全中国人民。昨天我浏览了一下新华网，他们知道我今天开记者招待会，竟然给我提出了几百个问题。我觉得他们对国事的关心，深深感动了我。他们许多建议和意见是值得我和我们政府认真考虑的。大会顺利结束了，但是我们面前的道路是不平坦的，要保持头脑的冷静，形势稍好，尤须兢慎。居安思危，思则有备，有备无患。我们这个民族在历史上灾难太深重了，这就培育了我们的忧患意识、生存意志和追求和平与发展的愿望。我们这个国家太大，问题太多、太复杂，这就要求我们这个民族不畏艰险、百折不挠、坚定信心、永远奋斗。我愿意借此机会回答记者们的提问。我是用心来回答大家的提问。因此，我不紧张，也不害怕。
Wen: Ladies and Gentlemen, good morning. As far as I know there are more than 2000 journalists from China and abroad covering the NPC and CPCCC sessions. However, due to the limited seating capacity of this hall, only some 700 of them are present here. I would like to use this opportunity to express my thanks to the journalists for their interest in China's reform and development and for their objective and fair coverage of China. I would also like to say that in fact the Chinese people have shown the greatest interest in the two sessions. Yesterday, I logged on to Xinhuanet, and I saw hundreds of questions raised by ordinary people after they learned that I was going to give a press conference. I was deeply touched by their interest in state affairs. Many of their proposals and suggestions merit my and the government's serious consideration. The NPC session is over. Yet the road ahead could be rather bumpy. We must be sober-minded, cautious and prudent, especially when the situation is getting a little better. We must be mindful of the potential perils and get fully prepared for the worst. Our nation has gone through so many disasters and hardships in history that we are blessed with a sense of urgency, a determination to survive and an aspiration for peace and development. Our country is so big, and problems so numerous and complex that we, as a nation, must have the courage to overcome difficulties, the confidence to win and a dauntless spirit to work hard and persist. Today, at this press conference, I am ready to answer your questions. I will speak from my heart, so I am neither nervous nor afraid.

新华社记者：总理您好！我是新华社记者，也是新华网记者。首先请允许我代表全体新华社记者，感谢总理在百忙之中登录新华网。去年您讲过，宏观调控对政府是一个新的重大考验，这个考验不亚于SARS（非典）的考验。现在一年多过去了，请问总理对去年的宏观调控有怎样的评价？今年宏观调控有什么特点？力度会不会进一步加大？
Xinhua News Agency: I am representing Xinhua News Agency and Xinhuanet. On behalf of all the journalists working for Xinhua News Agency, I'd like to thank the Premier for taking time out of your busy schedule to log on to Xinhuanet. Last year you said macro-regulation was a new and severe task for the government, a test no easier than fighting against SARS. Now a year has passed. Could you comment on last year's work of macro regulation? What will be the new characteristics of this year's macro regulatory work? Will you intensify the policy measures?

温家宝：过去两年，我们在经济上遭遇了一场遭遇战，我们及时、果断地采取了宏观调控的措施，打了一套“组合拳”。现在可以说，宏观调控取得了明显成效。我们成功地避免了经济的大起大落，避免了物价的过度上涨，保持了经济平稳较快地运行，保持了物价的基本稳定。但是，我们丝毫不可松懈，摆在我们面前的形势，正如逆水行舟，不进则退。我想换一个角度给大家讲一下，第一，宏观调控成果的基础还不稳固，粮食增产、农民增收的困难加大，特别是生产资料价格上涨幅度较大；固定资产投资的规模极有可能反弹；煤、电、油、运依然紧张。一、二月份，电力增长12％，但是却有25个省、市、区发生拉闸限电的现象，这就反映经济生活这根弦绷得还很紧。第二，在我们的面前遇到 一系列“两难”问题。经济发展慢了不行，那样就业压力就会更大，财政收入会减少，许多应该办的各项事业就会缺乏资金。快了也不行，经济生活长期处于紧张阶段，难以为继。第三，中国经济发生中的问题，说到底是结构性问题、经济增长方式问题和体制问题。而解决这些深层次的问题需要时间。综上所述，我想明确告诉大家，摆在政府面前的第一位任务，是通过加强和改善宏观调控，继续保持经济平稳较快发展。“行百里者半九十”，绝不能半途而废。当然，我们将更加注重区别对待、有保有压，注重采用经济机制的调节和经济手段的调节。
Wen: In the past two years, we have been facing a battle up-front in terms of economic development. To fight this battle, we have combined a series of policies. We can say now that those policies have achieved remarkable results. We have been successful in avoiding major economic fluctuations, preventing excessive price hikes and keeping prices stable. We have maintained stable and fairly rapid economic growth. Now we must not slacken our efforts in the slightest way. The situation we face now is like going upstream. If we don't forge ahead, we will simply fall back. Let me put the problems we face in proper terms. First, the foundation for macro-regulation needs to be further consolidated. We face considerable difficulties in further improving grain output and farmers' income. In particular, because of the soaring prices for capital goods, it is more difficult for us to achieve these goals. Moreover, investment growth in fixed assets may probably pick up again. Coal, electricity, petroleum and transportation are still in short supply. In the first two months of this year, power generation increased by 12%, yet 25 provinces still experienced blackouts. In the economy, the supply chain is over stretched. Second, we are facing a series of dilemmas in the economy. For example: a slow economy growth rate won't work because it will be more difficult to create jobs, increase revenues and engage in necessary undertakings for society. An excessively fast growth won't work either, because if the economy is over-stretched for a long time, it will become unsustainable. Third, the problems we face in China's economy can all boil down to structural problems, crude mode of growth and institutional problems. These deep-rooted and underlying problems need time to be addressed. In a word, the top priority for the government is to further strengthen and improve the macro-regulatory measures, in order to maintain a stable and fairly rapid growth rate. "If the journey is 100 miles, traveling 90 is only half of it" says a Chinese proverb. We must not stop or waste our previous efforts. In addition we must be very careful and use different therapies in different situations, by combining expansive and contractive measures. We also need to use market tools and economic means to achieve macro-regulation objectives.

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