团队合作和团队建设要点

团队合作和团队建设要点
Team work and team building essentials
作为一个经理或者企业家，团队建设技能对有效地工作非常重要。即便不在一个管理或领导岗位上，很好的理解团队合作也能让你成为一个有效率的员工并在职场给你额外的优势。

Team building skills are critical for your effectiveness as a manager or entrepreneur. And even if you are not in a management or leadership role yet, better understanding of team work can make you a more effective employee and give you an extra edge in your corporate office.


团队建设的成功意味着团队能够完成更大的任务并且比团队成员作为个体独立工作时更有效。个体贡献会带来可观的互补效益。建立一个高效的团队有两个很重要的因素。

A team building success is when your team can accomplish something much bigger and work more effectively than a group of the same individuals working on their own. You have a strong synergy of individual contributions. But there are two critical factors in building a high performance team.

团队有效性的第一个因素是技能和个性的多样性。人们不遗余力地发挥自己的长处，并且互相弥补不足。不同的个性也可以互补并保持平衡。

The first factor in team effectiveness is the diversity of skills and personalities. When people use their strengths in full, but can compensate for each other's weaknesses. When different personality types balance and complement each other.

团队合作成功的另一个重要因素是团队有着共同而清晰的目标——团队目标。这依赖于团队中充分的沟通以及团队成员关系的和谐。

The other critical element of team work success is that all the team efforts are directed towards the same clear goals, the team goals. This relies heavily on good communication in the team and the harmony in member relationships.

事实上，不致力于团队建设时，团队合作很少成功。有太多的地方很容易出问题。例如，不同的性格可能造成冲突而不是平衡和互补。也可能更差：一些有类似性格的人为权力或者某一专门领域上的地位而争斗。即便团队目标清晰并被所有成员接受，仍可能缺少对这一目标的信奉，或者就如何达成目标没有形成统一的思想：个体只是按照他们自己的意愿向着有冲突的方向前进。也可能因为没有信任和开放的态度而阻碍关键的沟通，进而导致无法整合个体努力的成果。此类问题，不一而足。这就是为何每个团队都需要一个好的领导可以解决这些团队合作中的问题。

In real life, team work success rarely happens by itself, without focused team building efforts and activities. There is simply too much space for problems. For example, different personalities, instead of complementing and balancing each other, may build up conflicts. Or even worse, some people with similar personalities may start fighting for authority and dominance in certain areas of expertise. Even if the team goals are clear and accepted by everyone, there may be no team commitment to the group goals or no consensus on the means of achieving those goals: individuals in the team just follow their personal opinions and move in conflicting directions. There may be a lack of trust and openness that blocks the critical communication and leads to loss of coordination in the individual efforts. And on and on. This is why every team needs a good leader who is able to deal with all such team work issues.

下面是另外的一些团队建设的思想、技术和忠告，可以供你在管理团队时根据情况使用。

Here are some additional team building ideas, techniques, and tips you can try when managing teams in your situation.

确保团队的目标是完全清晰的，所有的团队个体都已透彻地理解。
Make sure that the team goals are totally clear and completely understood and accepted by each team member.

责任明确，互不重叠。例如，如果可能导致两个成员为控制一个特定领域互相竞争，就尽量把这个领域分为两个明确的两部分，根据每个人的特长和爱好，让每个人完全控制其中的一部分。
Make sure there is complete clarity in who is responsible for what and avoid overlapping authority. For example, if there is a risk that two team members will be competing for control in certain area, try to divide that area into two distinct parts and give each more complete control in one of those parts, according to those individual's strengths and personal inclinations.

在诚恳和开放的环境中和团队成员进行一对一的交流，以建立信任。如果希望团队成员忠诚于你，先忠诚于他们。
Build trust with your team members by spending one-on-one time in an atmosphere of honesty and openness. Be loyal to your employees, if you expect the same.

让团队成员在团队建设的活动中建立信任和开放的态度。在鼓励开放的沟通的环境中给团队成员额外的交际时间。例如在周五进行聚餐。但需要注意不要使公司的团队建设活动占去个人太多的时间。
Allow your office team members build trust and openness between each other in team building activities and events. Give them some opportunities of extra social time with each other in an atmosphere that encourages open communication. For example in a group lunch on Friday. Though be careful with those corporate team building activities or events in which socializing competes too much with someone's family time.

有些问题强烈依赖于统一的思想和对团队目标的认同，这时需要尽量让整个团队参与决策的过程，例如通过组织目标的设定或通过小组讨论所有可能的决策选项或解决方案。这样做的目的是让每个团队成员感觉他对最终的决定、方案或者想法负责。他越这样感觉，就越可能认同决定好的行动，就越能建立团队对目标和决策的认同。
For issues that rely heavily on the team consensus and commitment, try to involve the whole team in the decision making process. For example, via group goal setting or group sessions with collective discussions of possible decision options or solution ideas. What you want to achieve here is that each team member feels his or her ownership in the final decision, solution, or idea. And the more he or she feels this way, the more likely he or she is to agree with and commit to the decided line of action, the more you build team commitment to the goals and decisions.

当管理一个团队时，要确保沟通的通畅。即便你的团队分布在不同的地理位置，仍然能够保持有效的沟通。可以采用在线会议的方式来削减差旅费。
When managing teams, make sure there are no blocked lines of communications and you and your people are kept fully informed.

Even when your team is spread over different locations, you can still maintain effective team communication. Just do your meetings online and slash your travel costs.

注意人际关系方面的问题。尽早发现问题，全力去解决它。
Be careful with interpersonal issues. Recognize them early and deal with them in full.

尽量授权给你的员工。对每个个体的工作进行感谢或表达感激
Don't miss opportunities to empower your employees. Say thank you or show appreciation of an individual team player's work.

不要只给负面的反馈，如果有机会，也要给正面的评价。
Don't limit yourself to negative feedback. Be fare. Whenever there is an opportunity, give positive feedback as well.


最后一点，团队合作和团队建设会虽然带来很多挑战，但一个高效团队带来的收益使之值得去努力。

Finally, though team work and team building can offer many challenges, the pay off from a high performance team is well worth it.

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