戴明语录(上)
沟通(Communication)
打破部门间的障碍。研究、设计、销售及生产部门的人员应协力合作犹如一个团队,以预见产品与服务在生产与使用时可能遭遇的问题。
(Break down barriers between Departments. People in research, Design, sales and production must work as a team, to foresee problems of production and in use that may be encountered with the product or service.)
释义:鼓励研究、设计、销售及生产部门的人员跨部门合作,不断提供能满足顾客要求的 产品,服务顾客。
竞争(Competition)(1)
经济学家将我们导向歧途,他们告诉我们激烈的竞争是解决之道。使我们忧心于增加市场占有率,试图铲除同业,却忽略了要创造更好的产品。
(Economists are leading us down the wrong path. They tell us that fierce competition is the solution. We worry about increasing market share and we try to kill off colleagues in the same industry, instead of making better products.)
释义:以合作代替竞争,共同创造优质产品服务顾客,才是最佳致胜之道。
竞争(Competition)(2)
竞争导致损失,人们凡事采拔河态度处理,徒耗体力而已,他们将一事无成。
Competition leads to lose, people pulling in opposite direction on a rope ,they go nowhere.
释义:竞争的结果是分胜负,合作的结果是创双赢,故凡事应从合作方向思考,在此一思维下,目前商场上买卖双方的关系已有显著的改变,依据数据显示:「现在的买主与供货商之间已有新的合作趋势,未来三、四年以后才需要的重要零件,92%已由供货商、设计师、工程师、采购、制造、销售部门所组成的小组进行开发」可资证明。
顾客(Customers)(1)
顾客是生产在线最重要的一部份;没有他们,就没有生产线。质量的改进涵盖整个生产线:从进料、到交货给顾客,以及为未来产品与服务的再设计。
(The customer is the most important part of the production line. Without him, there is no production line. Improvement of quality envelops the entire production line, from incoming materials to the customer, and redesign of the product and service for the future.)
释义:生产/服务的一切作为,均应以顾客导向,戴明用以表示从进料到顾客之间的著名的整体生产系统流程图,就作了最佳的说明。
顾客(Customers)(2)
除非是以产品质量的角度来衡量,「价格」才具意义。但这样还不够,除非能够与顾客的需求挂钩,优良与均一的质量才具意义。
(Price has no meaning except in terms of the quality of the product. But that is not enough. Good and uniform quality have no meaning except with reference to the customer’s needs. )
释义:凡事均应以顾客为重,应从顾客观点,制造产品与定价。他指出:「界定质量难在将使用者的未来需要转换为可量测的特性,依此从事产品设计,再产生顾客愿意付的价格」 。
教育(Education)(1)
我发现一般人对教育的恐惧;人们害怕选课,因为可能选得不对,我的忠告是先选它,其后再找出何者是适切的。你不会知道什么可能用得上,或可能会需要什么。一心想着必须务实的人不会做得长久,谁晓得什么叫做务实?协助人们从事改进,我是指「每个人」。
I find a general fear of education. People are afraid to take a course. It might not be the right one. My advice is take it. Find the right one later. . . .You never know what could be used, what could be needed. He that thinks he has to be practical is not going to be here very long. Who knows what is practical? Help people to improve. I mean everybody.
释义:接受教育,充实智能,从事改进,才是务实之道,戴明指出:「要取得竞争地位的优势,就必须扎根于知识...每个人都有责任重建西方工业,我们也都需要新的教育,管理者更必须重新学起」。
教育(Education)(2)
为每人建立有活力的教育与自我改进方案。
(Institute a vigorous programme of education and self-improvement for everyone.)
释义:领导者要能引导所属人员学习,并为他们建立不断学习的环境与与提供所需资源。
训练(Training)
建立在职训练制度。
(Institute training on the job.)
释义:用新观念、新方法执行员工在职训练工作,训练工作要先从管理阶层做起,训练的内容要看重在了解从进料到交货给客户的每一「过程」及其「变异」,教导员工工作所需的工具与技术,使他们能运用新技术、新工具来解决工作上的问题。
评估(Evaluation)
我们大多认为,若是我们不评估你,你就不会受到激励而把工作做得更好;所以我们查问你、衡量你,将你与他人比较并试图为你排列名次。取而代之的是,我们需要提升自尊,乐在工作并以我们所做的为傲,因此我们应鼓励人们创新,对工作有所贡献。如果我们摧折你,你便是被羞辱了,而为你排列名次就是在摧折你。
(Most of us assume that if we don’t evaluate you, you won’t be motivated to work better. So we interview and measure you, compare you to others, and try to place you in a ranking. Instead we need to promote self-esteem, joy in work and pride in what we do, so that we encourage people innovate and contribute to the job. If we destroy you, you are humiliated. Ranking you destroys you. )
释义:系统与人员间的互动有效性,影响工作绩效的程度可达90%-95%,人在系统中工作,不能改变系统,但却要以此考核他的绩效,并据以排列名次,不是很不公平吗?「尊重个人」是戴明理念中最重要的一项,故有不宜予以衡量评等之看法。
恐惧(Fear)(1)
恐惧造成极大的折损。它无处不在,夺去人们的骄傲,伤害他们,剥夺他们对公司奉献的机会,很难相信当你不放松恐惧时会发生什么事。
(Fear takes a horrible toll. Fear is all around, robbing people of their pride, hurting them, robbing them of a chance to contribute to the company. It is unbelievable what happens when you unloose fear.)
释义:员工只有处在有安全感的工作环境,才会有好的工作表现。恐惧会使人因怕犯错而怯于任事,或怕受责而掩过饰非,因而限制了他们发挥潜能的机会,除非员工对他的工作有安全感,否则必难卖命工作。
打破部门间的障碍。研究、设计、销售及生产部门的人员应协力合作犹如一个团队,以预见产品与服务在生产与使用时可能遭遇的问题。
(Break down barriers between Departments. People in research, Design, sales and production must work as a team, to foresee problems of production and in use that may be encountered with the product or service.)
释义:鼓励研究、设计、销售及生产部门的人员跨部门合作,不断提供能满足顾客要求的 产品,服务顾客。
竞争(Competition)(1)
经济学家将我们导向歧途,他们告诉我们激烈的竞争是解决之道。使我们忧心于增加市场占有率,试图铲除同业,却忽略了要创造更好的产品。
(Economists are leading us down the wrong path. They tell us that fierce competition is the solution. We worry about increasing market share and we try to kill off colleagues in the same industry, instead of making better products.)
释义:以合作代替竞争,共同创造优质产品服务顾客,才是最佳致胜之道。
竞争(Competition)(2)
竞争导致损失,人们凡事采拔河态度处理,徒耗体力而已,他们将一事无成。
Competition leads to lose, people pulling in opposite direction on a rope ,they go nowhere.
释义:竞争的结果是分胜负,合作的结果是创双赢,故凡事应从合作方向思考,在此一思维下,目前商场上买卖双方的关系已有显著的改变,依据数据显示:「现在的买主与供货商之间已有新的合作趋势,未来三、四年以后才需要的重要零件,92%已由供货商、设计师、工程师、采购、制造、销售部门所组成的小组进行开发」可资证明。
顾客(Customers)(1)
顾客是生产在线最重要的一部份;没有他们,就没有生产线。质量的改进涵盖整个生产线:从进料、到交货给顾客,以及为未来产品与服务的再设计。
(The customer is the most important part of the production line. Without him, there is no production line. Improvement of quality envelops the entire production line, from incoming materials to the customer, and redesign of the product and service for the future.)
释义:生产/服务的一切作为,均应以顾客导向,戴明用以表示从进料到顾客之间的著名的整体生产系统流程图,就作了最佳的说明。
顾客(Customers)(2)
除非是以产品质量的角度来衡量,「价格」才具意义。但这样还不够,除非能够与顾客的需求挂钩,优良与均一的质量才具意义。
(Price has no meaning except in terms of the quality of the product. But that is not enough. Good and uniform quality have no meaning except with reference to the customer’s needs. )
释义:凡事均应以顾客为重,应从顾客观点,制造产品与定价。他指出:「界定质量难在将使用者的未来需要转换为可量测的特性,依此从事产品设计,再产生顾客愿意付的价格」 。
教育(Education)(1)
我发现一般人对教育的恐惧;人们害怕选课,因为可能选得不对,我的忠告是先选它,其后再找出何者是适切的。你不会知道什么可能用得上,或可能会需要什么。一心想着必须务实的人不会做得长久,谁晓得什么叫做务实?协助人们从事改进,我是指「每个人」。
I find a general fear of education. People are afraid to take a course. It might not be the right one. My advice is take it. Find the right one later. . . .You never know what could be used, what could be needed. He that thinks he has to be practical is not going to be here very long. Who knows what is practical? Help people to improve. I mean everybody.
释义:接受教育,充实智能,从事改进,才是务实之道,戴明指出:「要取得竞争地位的优势,就必须扎根于知识...每个人都有责任重建西方工业,我们也都需要新的教育,管理者更必须重新学起」。
教育(Education)(2)
为每人建立有活力的教育与自我改进方案。
(Institute a vigorous programme of education and self-improvement for everyone.)
释义:领导者要能引导所属人员学习,并为他们建立不断学习的环境与与提供所需资源。
训练(Training)
建立在职训练制度。
(Institute training on the job.)
释义:用新观念、新方法执行员工在职训练工作,训练工作要先从管理阶层做起,训练的内容要看重在了解从进料到交货给客户的每一「过程」及其「变异」,教导员工工作所需的工具与技术,使他们能运用新技术、新工具来解决工作上的问题。
评估(Evaluation)
我们大多认为,若是我们不评估你,你就不会受到激励而把工作做得更好;所以我们查问你、衡量你,将你与他人比较并试图为你排列名次。取而代之的是,我们需要提升自尊,乐在工作并以我们所做的为傲,因此我们应鼓励人们创新,对工作有所贡献。如果我们摧折你,你便是被羞辱了,而为你排列名次就是在摧折你。
(Most of us assume that if we don’t evaluate you, you won’t be motivated to work better. So we interview and measure you, compare you to others, and try to place you in a ranking. Instead we need to promote self-esteem, joy in work and pride in what we do, so that we encourage people innovate and contribute to the job. If we destroy you, you are humiliated. Ranking you destroys you. )
释义:系统与人员间的互动有效性,影响工作绩效的程度可达90%-95%,人在系统中工作,不能改变系统,但却要以此考核他的绩效,并据以排列名次,不是很不公平吗?「尊重个人」是戴明理念中最重要的一项,故有不宜予以衡量评等之看法。
恐惧(Fear)(1)
恐惧造成极大的折损。它无处不在,夺去人们的骄傲,伤害他们,剥夺他们对公司奉献的机会,很难相信当你不放松恐惧时会发生什么事。
(Fear takes a horrible toll. Fear is all around, robbing people of their pride, hurting them, robbing them of a chance to contribute to the company. It is unbelievable what happens when you unloose fear.)
释义:员工只有处在有安全感的工作环境,才会有好的工作表现。恐惧会使人因怕犯错而怯于任事,或怕受责而掩过饰非,因而限制了他们发挥潜能的机会,除非员工对他的工作有安全感,否则必难卖命工作。
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hzy8899 (威望:0) (广东 广州) 在校学生 经理 - 有一天拉丹打电话给布什说:有两个消息告诉你,先听...
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管理者须是一位领导者,他须了解他与他的属员的工作如何与系统契合,系统的最隹化是领导者的第一要务。体认人各有别,宜适才适所,乐其所为。
(The manager should be a leader. He should understand how his work and work of his people fits into the system. Optimization of a system is the first job of a leader. Recognize that all people are different, try fit each one in what he does best, what he takes joy in doing.)
释义:管理者要发挥领导才能,有识人本领,用人必适才适所,使人人乐在工作,而有最佳表现。
管理(Management)-(5)
大多数人认为管理就是一连串的命令;我的理论是:系统像是一个交响乐队,不是军队。乐队中的每个人都要支持其它的演奏者;每一位演奏者要注意的不只是指挥,还包括其它成员和整个系统,系统需要的是指挥,不是将军;它需要一个能够调和系统各份子之天赋与能力的人。交响乐队里的每一位演奏者了解自己是系统的一份子,即使他演出的是独奏;他不是在那儿吸引大家注意他的人,当他支持其它演奏者的时候,才算成功。
(Most people think of management as a chain of command. My theory says that the system is like an orchestra, not an army. Every one in an orchestra supports the other players. Each player watches not only the conductor, but also each other and the whole system. The system needs a conductor, not a general. It needs someone who harmonizes the talents and abilities of each part of the system. Each player in the orchestra knows he is part of a system,even when he plays solo。He is not there to attract attention to himself。He succeeds when he supports the other players.)
释义:管理者要如交响乐队指挥,工作团队成员要如交响乐队员般地合作无间,相互支持,以奏出美调。
管理(Management)-(6)
如果没有管理上的文化革命,品管圈不会在美国产生所欲的效果,也没有任何人能担保基层员工的工作保障,足以产生高生产力与优质产品。然而,如果管理当局缺少对员工福利的承诺,则无法激起员工对公司生产力及产品质量上的兴趣的。有担保的工作保障,管理工作变得使得更加艰难,更具挑战性。
(Without a cultural revolution in management, quality control circles will not produce the desired effects in America. Nor can anyone guarantee that job security for the rank and file would be enough to produce high productivity and product quality. However,without a Management commitment to the personal welfare of its workers, it will be impossible to Inspire employees’ interest in company productivity and product quality. With guaranteed job security, management’s job becomes far more difficult and challenging.)
释义:管理者应知:员工惟有在有工作安全感与福利措施的良好环境下,才会有最佳的表现,如何发挥领导才能,做好管理工作,应为当务之急。
管理(Management)(7)
不断地改进产品与服务质量。
(Constantly improve the quality and services.)
释义:组织应专注于不断改进产品与服务质量以提升竞争力,如此才能为员工提供永久的工作机会,而达到企业永续经营的目的,在作法上不可图近利而不作长期投资,要将创新支出列为”对质量与生产力不可摇撼的承诺”。
管理(Management)(8)
采取新的经营理念。
(Adopt the new philosophy.)
释义:要采取TQM的理念与方法,包括以顾客为重、采团队合作、人员参与及赋能授权、供需双方互利、并持续改进过程以提升质量与生产力….等方式为之。
管理(Management)(9)
仅以可见数字经营公司者会很快就失去公司,也没有可见的数字可运用了。
(He who runs his company on visible figures alone will soon have neither company nor visible figure to work with.)
释义:企业能否成功,常受政治与经济环境以及难以捉摸的顾客需要变动,影响,故数字有其局限性,七十年代的全录公司因产品质量不良而危机四伏,但其产品的租赁政策仍然为公司赢得了可观的账面利润,若仅从账面盈余判断公司的体质,那是相当危险的事。故经营者要具备敏锐的环境感应能力并了解顾客满意度趋势,如此才能避免落入险境。
障碍(Obstacles)
阻碍(员工) 以工艺为荣之实现,在美国,事实上可能就是降低成本与改进质量最重要障碍之一。
(Barriers against realization of pride of workmanship may in fact be one of the most Important obstacles to reduction of cost and improvement of quality in the United States.)
释义:员工无法自由发挥其潜能,抑制了创造力的发挥,无形中丧失了降低成本与改i质量的机会。
最佳化(optimization)(1)
劳工与管理阶层须把重点放在系统最佳化上,对于买方与卖方或供货商与经销商之间的任何讨论,其法则相同。如果在协商中你的首要目标是保护你自己,那么你已经输了---其它的人也要保护自己。当你与他人协力改进系统时,你收获最多。
(Labor and management should focus on optimizing the system. For any discussion between buyer and seller or suppliers and retailers, the rule is the same. If your principal goal in a negotiation is to protect yourself, you’ve already lost—and so has everyone else. You gain most when you work with others to improve the system.)
释义:要把买方、卖方、供货商、或经销商纳入管理系统之内,与他们建立供应链关系,共谋系统最佳化,使人人受益。
最佳化(optimization)(2)
任何团体都要时时将其所处的大系统的最佳化当作它的目标。任何未能使整个系统最佳化的事,终会导致系统中每一份子的损失。
Any group should have as its aim optimization over time of the larger system that the group operates in. Anything less than optimization of the whole system will bring eventual loss to every component in the system.
释义:系统内的每一份子,早己自然形成利益共同体,系统最佳时,就会产生利益最大的结果。
耐心(Patience)
没有耐心的人多么可悲啊!
—依阿高(坏蛋)对洛德利哥(傻瓜)之告诫,见莎士比亚的奥赛罗,Ⅱ,îîî。
( How poor are they that have not patience. ―lago to Roderigo, Shakespeare’s Othello, II, îîî。)
释义:成功需靠耐心。
恳请捐血(A Plea for Blood )
在血液银行里有两种血――好血和坏血。Dr. Burchell(我的医师),用了三份好血在我身上,他说,坏血是最后别无选择时才用。像是你、我的朋友这种人能够提供好血,这是单从血的来源来看。如果是来自经常捐血以换取酬劳的捐血者,则血液几乎是像捐血者本人一样地相当依靠接受清洗;如果我对Dr. Burchell了解无误。
换句话说,好血来自朋友和他们的朋友,用钱买不到――它是非卖品,此处我们或许曲解了一些医学用语,但Dr. Burchell的观点十分明确,他和其它外科医师都需要好血,任何血型都会拿来做替换。
简言之,我欠了三品脱的好血,报偿的方法只有一种,而金钱是办不到的。过去我并没有珍惜这些关键性的要求;或许这项恳求,能使我的朋友们去捐血。
(There are two kinds of blood in the blood bank, good and bad. Dr. Burchell used three units of good blood on me. Bad blood, he said, is a last resort.
People like my friends and your friends can give good blood, and that is about the only source thereof. Blood from a regular donor that takes pay for it is almost dependably pretty well washed up. like the donor himself, if I understand Dr. Burchell correctly.
In other words, good blood comes from friends and from their friends. Money can not buy it: it is not for sale.
I may have garbled some of the medical language here, but Dr. Burchell’s point was very clear. He and other surgeons need good blood. Any type will do as replacement.
In short, I owe three pints of good blood, and there is only one way to repay them.
Money won’t do it. I had not appreciated these critical requirements. Maybe this plea will bring friends to offer blood.)
释义:好的来源,质量自然好。能用钱买到的未必是好货,出自真诚的奉献常有好品质。 好人要主动多做好事。
生产力(Productivity)
持续不断的改进生产与服务的系统以改进质量和生产力,如此可持续降低成本。
( Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service, to Improve quality and productivity, and thus constantly decrease costs.)
释义:降低成本与提升生产力是相辅相成,可并行不悖。
利润(Profits)(1)
不要依赖短期的利润来衡量系统是否健全,利润通常无法显示出管理之未来表现。藉少做研究与延缓维修,可轻易地显示出较高的利润,但受难的是系统。
(Don’t depend on short-term profits as a measure of a system’s health. They often don’t point to future performance of management. It’s easy to report a higher profit by reducing research and postponing maintenance. But the system suffers.)
释义:只注重短期好看的公司报表利润数字,常会以牺牲公司长远利益为代价。
利润(Profits)(2)
账面利润不会使饼变大,他们给你一片比较大块的,你是多拿了别人的份,对社会并没有什么帮助。
(Paper profits do not make the pie bigger. They give you a bigger piece. You take it from somebody else. It doesn’t help the society.)
释义:近期的账面利润可能只是其它支付延迟的结果,故对社会无实质帮助。
利润(Profits)(3)
红利和账面利润—通常是判断财务经理和公司首脑的准绳—并不会改进一公司或是美国工业的竞争地位。账面利润不足以谋生;质量与生产力之改进则可;他们的贡献,是可以改进世界各地人类的物质生活。
(Dividends and paper profits, the yardstick by which managers of money and heads of companies are judged, do not improve the competitive position of a company or of American Industry. Paper profits do not make bread: improvement of quality and productivity do. They make a contribution to better material living for all people. Here and everywhere.)
释义:较佳之物质生活水平,来自经营者不断提升其产品的质量与生产力,因深受顾客信赖而产生彼此双赢的局面。